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Gandhi and Oxford
October 02, 2019

On the occasion of the 150th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, Sundeep Waslekar, the President of Strategic Foresight Group (SFG) was invited to deliver a public lecture on “Gandhi, Einstein and Prospects of Peace in the 21st Century”. The lecture was hosted under the auspices of The Centre for the Resolution of Intractable Conflict (CRIC). It coincided with the annual scientific conference of CRIC. 

In this lecture, Sundeep Waslekar made the following key points:

- Mahatma Gandhi and Albert Einstein were opposed to the very concept of war and weapons. Gandhi’s opposition to war had its origin in his philosophy of non-violence. Einstein initially supported the making of a nuclear bomb by the United States to prevent Hitler from dominating the world. However, once the nuclear bomb was used in Japan, Einstein turned not only against nuclear weapons but also the very idea of war.


- Gandhi and Einstein opposed the conduct of international relations on the basis of dominance by some powers.

- Both Gandhi and Einstein separately proposed the establishment of a federation of nations. Einstein suggested that such a federation should have a World Government at its apex. Gandhi was in favour of a federation of free and equal nations, with a commitment to give up war and violence.

- The ideas of Gandhi and Einstein may not be popular today with the rise of ultra-nationalism and strongmen leaders in different parts of the world. But the forces of ultra-nationalism and the leaders who foster such thinking may not last forever. We don’t know how long this current phase will last.

- In the long run, we have to think in terms of innovative ways to ensure peaceful co-existence at the global level. This calls for a multidimensional and multiple level global dialogue. 

The discussions in the CRIC scientific conference explained the psychology of extremism, ultra-nationalism and war mongering. One observation made was about the trauma faced by some societies through several generations giving rise to a desire for revenge. Some experts explained the phenomenon of devoted believers who are ready to die and kill because of their emotional investment in some ideas. 

The CRIC conference also hosted a high level panel on ‘Water in Violent Conflict Zones’, which was conceived and moderated by SFG. The speakers included:

- Kabine Komara, former Prime Minister of Guinea

- Yaşar Yakış, former Foreign Minister of Turkey

- Walid Saleh, senior official of the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization

- Sergey Koshman, civil society leader from Ukraine


The speakers identified potential hotspots in Africa, the Middle East and eastern Europe where water infrastructure could be targeted by violent actors. One of the speakers proposed for a new UN Convention to protect water infrastructure form violence.

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